https://greenhead.net/nd-reports-underwhelming-breeding-survey/North Dakota reports underwhelming breeding survey
The North Dakota Game and Fish Department in June released the results of its 78th annual spring breeding duck survey.
Conducted in May, the survey showed an index of approximately 2.66 million birds, down 38% from 2.9 million in 2024 and 3.4 million in 2023. However, Mike Szymanski, migratory game bird supervisor at the NDGFD, said the index did exceed the long-term average by 7%.
“Things are continuing to decline a little bit as far as duck populations go. The mallard population estimate was down 26% from last year and is the lowest estimated mallard breeding population on our survey since 1993,” Szymanski said. “Blue-winged teal, green-winged teal and pintails also had significant population declines, whereas the declines for gadwall, shovelers and ruddy ducks were not as significant. We did have a few species – wigeon, canvasbacks, redheads and lesser scaup – that showed increases from last year on our survey.”
Szymanski attributed the continuing decline to several factors, including poor wetland conditions for early migrating species like mallard and pintail, loss of Conservation Reserve Program lands and perennial grasses used for nesting cover and a dry May.
“We’ve lost so much grass on the landscape that it makes it really hard for duck populations and other ground-nesting birds to do well,” Szymanski said. “One metric we look at is going back to 1994 to 2016 when we had really good wetland conditions and a lot of grass, a lot of CRP on the landscape. Our total duck population is now down 34% from that time period’s average, and our mallard breeding population in North Dakota is down 57% from that average. Those are pretty significant declines.”
A crew from the NDGFD counted wetlands and waterfowl over 1,800 miles of transects.
“We do our survey based on phenology and migration ecology of ducks coming through the state and this year it happened to be timed before we got quite a bit of rain later in May. So, not having much snow melt in the spring, our wetland counts were down quite a bit,” he said. “Conditions were pretty dry and that affected how ducks settled in the state. The western third of the state was very dry and then the eastern two thirds of the state was still quite dry, but a little bit better when we ran the survey.”
However, Szymanski noted that the department’s July brood survey could show more positive results, along with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s fall survey.
“We’ll see how July goes when we do our duck brood survey,” he said. “Wetland conditions are a little bit improved from where they were in early May, but they’re still not great. We likely would have had disastrous production if we didn’t get the rain we got. Hopefully, having some fair wetland conditions going into June will help us out and get a little duck production this year.”
Greenhead editor Brent Birch noted that while the report is bad, the survey only took place within North Dakota.
The North Dakota survey follows the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission’s late January aerial survey, when duck population estimates were down more than 400,000 birds from the long-term average, but more than 40,000 birds above the 2024 estimates from the same time period.